');mask:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');background-size:10px 5px!important}.dot.small{width:13px;height:4px;-webkit-mask:url('data:image/svg+xml, ');mask:url('data:image/svg+xml, ')}.dot.circle{width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:100%;-webkit-mask:none;mask:none}[data-aos=fade]{opacity:0;-webkit-transition:all 800ms ease;transition:all 800ms ease}[data-aos=fade-up]{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(50px);-ms-transform:translateY(50px);transform:translateY(50px);-webkit-transition:all 600ms ease;transition:all 600ms ease}.aos-animate{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);-ms-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0);opacity:1}.lazy,[data-lazy=true]{opacity:0;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.lazy.loaded,[data-lazy=true].loaded{opacity:1}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}a{color:var(--epcl-black);-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}a:hover{color:var(--epcl-main-color)}a img{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.link-button{font-weight:600}.link-button svg{width:16px;height:16px;fill:var(--epcl-black);margin-right:3px;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px}i.fa,i.icon{font-style:normal!important}.np-bottom{padding-bottom:0!important}.no-margin{margin:0!important}.alignleft{float:left!important}.alignright{float:right!important}.aligncenter{display:block;margin:0 auto}.epcl-inline{display:inline}.textleft{text-align:left!important}.textright{text-align:right!important}.textcenter{text-align:center!important}.fw-normal{font-weight:400!important}.fw-medium{font-weight:500!important}.fw-semibold{font-weight:600!important}.fw-bold{font-weight:700!important}.uppercase{text-transform:uppercase}.overflow{overflow:hidden}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important;word-break:normal}.hidden{display:none}.cover{background-repeat:no-repeat!important;background-position:center center!important;background-size:cover!important}img.cover{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.parallax{background-attachment:fixed!important}hr{border:0;border-top:3px solid var(--epcl-border-color);height:1px;margin:0 0 20px}.grid-container{max-width:1280px}.grid-container.grid-usmall{max-width:600px}.grid-container.grid-small{max-width:780px}.grid-container.grid-medium{max-width:990px}.grid-container.grid-large{max-width:1400px}.grid-container.grid-ularge{max-width:1600px}#wrapper{position:relative;z-index:2}.epcl-row,.row{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}.epcl-row.large,.row.large{margin-left:-35px;margin-right:-35px}.epcl-flex{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:100%;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.section{padding-top:60px;padding-bottom:60px}.medium-section{padding-top:80px;padding-bottom:80px}.bg-white{background:#fff;padding:50px}.fullwidth{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}.thumb{position:relative;z-index:1}.full-link,.thumb .fullimage{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%!important;z-index:1}.thumb .fullimage{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.full-link{z-index:10}.content{margin-top:80px}.bg-box{background-color:var(--epcl-boxes-background-color);border-radius:13px;border:1px solid var(--epcl-boxes-border-color);position:relative}.bg-box.section{padding:40px}.bg-box.bg-white{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-boxes-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-boxes-shadow)}.mfp-close{font-size:40px!important}.epcl-border{background-color:var(--epcl-border-color);height:1px;margin:60px auto 0}.epcl-border.small{width:75px;margin-top:30px}.epcl-banner{padding-bottom:0}.epcl-banner img.custom-image{display:block;margin:0 auto}.epcl-social-buttons a{display:inline-block;margin:0 5px;width:30px;height:30px;text-align:center;line-height:30px}.epcl-social-buttons a img,.epcl-social-buttons a svg{width:22px;height:22px;vertical-align:middle}.epcl-social-buttons a.twitter svg{width:17px;height:17px}.epcl-social-buttons a.button{width:40px;height:40px;text-align:center;line-height:40px}.epcl-social-bg-color a{margin:0 2px}.epcl-social-bg-color a img,.epcl-social-bg-color a svg{width:20px;height:20px;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-2px}.epcl-social-bg-color a.dribbble{background-color:#dc86ae}.epcl-social-bg-color a.facebook{background-color:#4489ef}.epcl-social-bg-color a.twitter{background-color:#2a2a2a}.epcl-social-bg-color a.twitter svg{width:18px;height:18px}.epcl-social-bg-color a.instagram{background-color:#ff4d81}.epcl-social-bg-color a.linkedin{background-color:#0081c4}.epcl-social-bg-color a.pinterest{background-color:#ef4c5f}.epcl-social-bg-color a.tumblr{background-color:#658199}.epcl-social-bg-color a.youtube{background-color:#fb6464}.epcl-social-bg-color a.flickr{background-color:#f0479f}.epcl-social-bg-color a.twitch{background-color:#8e5ee8}.epcl-social-bg-color a.vk{background-color:#6fa1df}.epcl-social-bg-color a.telegram{background-color:#0092db}.epcl-social-bg-color a.rss{background-color:#ff9b0f}.epcl-social-bg-color a.tiktok{background-color:#75cdd4}.epcl-social-bg-color a.whatsapp{background-color:#21c08a}.epcl-social-bg-color a.discord{background-color:#6672f3}.epcl-social-bg-color a.email{background-color:var(--epcl-black)}.epcl-social-fill-color a.dribbble{color:#D97AA6}.epcl-social-fill-color a.facebook{color:#3680EE}.epcl-social-fill-color a.twitter{color:#222}.epcl-social-fill-color a.instagram{color:#FF3E76}.epcl-social-fill-color a.linkedin{color:#0077b5}.epcl-social-fill-color a.pinterest{color:#EE3E52}.epcl-social-fill-color a.tumblr{color:#5F7990}.epcl-social-fill-color a.youtube{color:#fb5555}.epcl-social-fill-color a.flickr{color:#EF3998}.epcl-social-fill-color a.twitch{color:#8551e6}.epcl-social-fill-color a.vk{color:#6299dc}.epcl-social-fill-color a.telegram{color:#08c}.epcl-social-fill-color a.rss{color:#ff9500}.epcl-social-fill-color a.tiktok{color:#69c9d0}.epcl-social-fill-color a.whatsapp{color:#1FB381}.epcl-social-fill-color a.discord{color:#5865f2}.epcl-social-fill-color a.email{color:var(--epcl-black)}.epcl-gradient{min-height:100vh;position:relative;z-index:2;padding:60px 0;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.epcl-waves{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:-1;width:100%;height:100%;max-height:100px}#footer .epcl-waves,.epcl-subscribe .epcl-waves{top:auto;bottom:0;height:30%}.epcl-parallax>use{-webkit-animation:move-forever 25s cubic-bezier(.55,.5,.45,.5) infinite;animation:move-forever 25s cubic-bezier(.55,.5,.45,.5) infinite}.epcl-parallax>use:first-child{-webkit-animation-delay:-2s;animation-delay:-2s;-webkit-animation-duration:7s;animation-duration:7s}.epcl-parallax>use:nth-child(2){-webkit-animation-delay:-3s;animation-delay:-3s;-webkit-animation-duration:10s;animation-duration:10s}.epcl-parallax>use:nth-child(3){-webkit-animation-delay:-4s;animation-delay:-4s;-webkit-animation-duration:13s;animation-duration:13s}.epcl-parallax>use:nth-child(4){-webkit-animation-delay:-5s;animation-delay:-5s;-webkit-animation-duration:20s;animation-duration:20s}@-webkit-keyframes move-forever{0%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(-90px,0,0);transform:translate3d(-90px,0,0)}to{-webkit-transform:translate3d(85px,0,0);transform:translate3d(85px,0,0)}}@keyframes move-forever{0%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(-90px,0,0);transform:translate3d(-90px,0,0)}to{-webkit-transform:translate3d(85px,0,0);transform:translate3d(85px,0,0)}}body.epcl-fullscreen{height:100vh}.flex-align-middle{margin:auto 0;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.epcl-fullheight{min-height:100%;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:column wrap;flex-flow:column wrap;position:relative;z-index:2}.epcl-wave-color{fill:#FC6668}.epcl-wave-color2{fill:#D6027E}.epcl-waves-wrapper{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:-1;overflow:hidden}.epcl-waves-page{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:-5;width:4000px;height:100vh;left:-200px;-webkit-transform:rotate3d(1,1,1,-20deg);transform:rotate3d(1,1,1,-20deg)}.epcl-waves-page .wave{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;-webkit-animation:slide 15s linear infinite;animation:slide 15s linear infinite;will-change:transform;z-index:3}.epcl-waves-page .wave-2{left:-160px;-webkit-animation:swell 15s linear infinite;animation:swell 15s linear infinite;z-index:-1}.epcl-waves-page .wave-3{left:-60px}@-webkit-keyframes slide{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}to{-webkit-transform:translateX(-1000px);transform:translateX(-1000px)}}@keyframes slide{0%{-webkit-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}to{-webkit-transform:translateX(-1000px);transform:translateX(-1000px)}}@-webkit-keyframes swell{0%{-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}50%{-webkit-transform:translate(-500px,50px);transform:translate(-500px,50px)}to{-webkit-transform:translate(-1000px,0);transform:translate(-1000px,0)}}@keyframes swell{0%{-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}50%{-webkit-transform:translate(-500px,50px);transform:translate(-500px,50px)}to{-webkit-transform:translate(-1000px,0);transform:translate(-1000px,0)}}.epcl-demo-tool{position:fixed;z-index:10;top:30%;left:0;background:#fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);border-top-right-radius:7px;border-bottom-right-radius:7px;padding:15px;font-size:13px;width:190px;-webkit-animation:fadeOut 800ms forwards;animation:fadeOut 800ms forwards;color:#000}.epcl-demo-tool label{display:inline-block;margin-top:10px}.epcl-demo-tool input{border:0;margin-right:5px;width:40px;background:#f83d76;background:transparent;vertical-align:middle}.epcl-demo-tool:hover{-webkit-animation:none;animation:none}.epcl-demo-tool .tool{position:absolute;left:100%;top:50%;background:#fff;z-index:-1;padding:12px;padding-left:14px;-webkit-box-shadow:10px 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1);box-shadow:10px 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1);border-left:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);border-top-right-radius:7px;border-bottom-right-radius:7px}.epcl-demo-tool .tool svg{-webkit-animation:spin 4s ease infinite;animation:spin 4s ease infinite}@-webkit-keyframes spin{to{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}@keyframes spin{to{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}#single #comments.hosted .comment .epcl-demo-tool .comment-author,.epcl-demo-tool #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.epcl-demo-tool .title,.epcl-demo-tool .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 .epcl-demo-tool label{text-align:center}.epcl-demo-tool .link{display:block;margin-top:0;padding:5px 0 0;margin-top:10px;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-size:13px;color:#000;cursor:pointer}.epcl-demo-tool .link span{display:inline-block;width:38px;height:20px;background:#000;position:relative;z-index:2;border-radius:25px;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:10px;opacity:.75;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.epcl-demo-tool .link span:before{content:'';position:absolute;top:6px;left:6px;width:8px;height:8px;background:#fff;border-radius:50%;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.epcl-demo-tool .link.active span{background:#f83d76;opacity:1}.epcl-demo-tool .link.active span:before{left:24px}@-webkit-keyframes fadeOut{0%{left:0}to{left:-222px}}@keyframes fadeOut{0%{left:0}to{left:-222px}}@-webkit-keyframes fadeIn{0%{left:-222px}to{left:0}}@keyframes fadeIn{0%{left:-222px}to{left:0}}.tooltip{position:relative;z-index:10}.tooltip:before{content:attr(data-title);position:absolute;bottom:100%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%);left:50%;margin-left:0;white-space:nowrap;padding:7px 15px;border-radius:8px;background:#fff;color:var(--epcl-black);text-align:center;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);-webkit-box-shadow:2px 2px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:2px 2px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.tooltip:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:50%;margin-bottom:-5px;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%);bottom:110%;border-left:8px solid transparent;border-right:8px solid transparent;border-top:8px solid #fff;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.tooltip[data-tooltip-position=right]:before{bottom:50%;left:110%;-webkit-transform:translateY(50%);-ms-transform:translateY(50%);transform:translateY(50%);padding:3px 15px}.tooltip[data-tooltip-position=right]:after{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:-16px;bottom:50%;left:100%;-webkit-transform:translateY(50%);-ms-transform:translateY(50%);transform:translateY(50%);border-top:8px solid transparent;border-bottom:8px solid transparent;border-left:8px solid transparent;border-right:8px solid #fff}.tooltip[data-tooltip-position=right]:hover:after,.tooltip[data-tooltip-position=right]:hover:before{left:100%;bottom:50%}.tooltip:hover:after,.tooltip:hover:before{bottom:120%;opacity:1;visibility:visible}.epcl-breadcrumbs{font-size:14px;padding-bottom:15px}.epcl-breadcrumbs a{font-weight:600}div.text{font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;font-weight:400;position:relative;z-index:2}div.text b,div.text strong{font-weight:700}div.text iframe{max-width:100%}div.text hr{display:inline-block;width:100%}div.text div#map_canvas img,div.text div.ep-map img{max-width:none!important;height:inherit}div.text img{max-width:100%;height:auto;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:8px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 8px 16px -8px rgba(0,0,0,.3),0 13px 27px -5px rgba(50,50,93,.25);box-shadow:0 8px 16px -8px rgba(0,0,0,.3),0 13px 27px -5px rgba(50,50,93,.25)}div.text img.alignleft{margin:0 24px 24px 0}div.text img.alignright{margin:0 0 24px 24px}div.text img.aligncenter{margin-bottom:0}div.text p.has-background{padding-top:24px}div.text h1,div.text h2,div.text h3,div.text h4,div.text h5,div.text h6{font-weight:800;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text h1{font-size:32px;padding-top:19.84px;margin-bottom:12.16px;line-height:1.3}div.text h2{font-size:28px;padding-top:14.4px;margin-bottom:17.6px;line-height:1.4}div.text h3{font-size:24px;padding-top:20.8px;margin-bottom:14.4px;line-height:1.5}div.text h4{font-size:22px;padding-top:8px;margin-bottom:24px}div.text h5{font-size:16px;padding-top:8px;margin-bottom:24px}div.text h6{font-size:14px;padding-top:8px;margin-bottom:24px}div.text a:not([class]){color:var(--epcl-main-color);text-decoration:none;font-weight:700}div.text a:not([class]):hover{border-color:transparent;color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text .ep-shortcode a:hover,div.text a.ep-shortcode:hover{text-decoration:none}div.text figure a{background-image:none!important}div.text figure a:hover{-webkit-transform:translateY(-2px);-ms-transform:translateY(-2px);transform:translateY(-2px)}div.text .attachment a:after,div.text .wp-caption a:after,div.text dt a:after{display:none!important}div.text ol,div.text ul{margin:0 0 0 30px}div.text ol{margin-left:45px}div.text ul,div.text ul li{list-style-type:disc;list-style-position:inside;position:relative}div.text ol,div.text ol li{list-style-type:decimal;list-style-position:outside}div.text ol ol{list-style:upper-alpha}div.text ol ol ol{list-style:lower-roman}div.text ol ol ol ol{list-style:lower-alpha}div.text ol ol,div.text ol ul,div.text ul ol,div.text ul ul{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-top:10px}div.text ul:not([class]) li{position:relative;z-index:1;padding-left:20px;list-style-type:none}div.text ul:not([class]) li:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:12px;width:5px;height:5px;background:var(--epcl-main-color);border-radius:50%}div.text dl{margin:0 1.5em}div.text dt{font-weight:600}div.text dd{margin-bottom:15px;margin-left:40px}div.text abbr,div.text acronym{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}div.text ins{text-decoration:none}div.text blockquote,div.text dd,div.text pre:not([class*=CodeMirror-]){margin-bottom:20px}div.text blockquote{padding:40px;padding-left:60px;margin:0 0 25px 0;border-left:0;font-style:italic!important;position:relative;z-index:1;font-size:110%;background:#fff no-repeat 97% 90% url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='40' height='40'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M19.417 6.679C20.447 7.773 21 9 21 10.989c0 3.5-2.457 6.637-6.03 8.188l-.893-1.378c3.335-1.804 3.987-4.145 4.247-5.621-.537.278-1.24.375-1.929.311-1.804-.167-3.226-1.648-3.226-3.489a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3.5-3.5c1.073 0 2.099.49 2.748 1.179zm-10 0C10.447 7.773 11 9 11 10.989c0 3.5-2.457 6.637-6.03 8.188l-.893-1.378c3.335-1.804 3.987-4.145 4.247-5.621-.537.278-1.24.375-1.929.311C4.591 12.322 3.17 10.841 3.17 9a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3.5-3.5c1.073 0 2.099.49 2.748 1.179z' fill='rgba(218,222,237,1)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");border:3px solid var(--epcl-border-color);border-radius:8px;line-height:1.85;font-weight:400;background-size:50px}div.text blockquote em{font-style:italic}div.text blockquote cite,div.text blockquote__citation{display:block;margin-top:15px;color:var(--epcl-black);font-style:normal;font-size:15px;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-weight:700;text-transform:none}div.text blockquote ul{padding-bottom:0}div.text blockquote p{padding-top:0}div.text blockquote p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}div.text blockquote.is-large cite,div.text blockquote.is-style-large cite{text-align:left}div.text pre:not([class*=CodeMirror-]){overflow:auto;max-width:100%;max-height:400px;font-size:15px}div.text code:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]),div.text pre:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]){font-family:'Consolas',Monaco,monospace;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);background-color:var(--epcl-code-color);border-radius:8px}div.text code:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]){padding:5px 10px;margin:0 1px;font-size:14px;display:inline-block;background-color:var(--epcl-code-color);border-radius:8px}div.text pre:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]){padding:15px 25px;line-height:1.8;overflow:auto}div.text pre:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]) code:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]){border:0}div.text pre:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]) ol{margin:0 0 0 35px;padding:0;list-style:decimal;list-style-position:outside}div.text pre:not([class*=language-]):not([class*=CodeMirror-]) ol li{padding-bottom:0;list-style-position:outside}div.text table{text-align:center;border:3px solid var(--epcl-border-color);width:100%;max-width:100%;border-collapse:collapse}div.text table,div.text table td,div.text table th{border:3px solid var(--epcl-border-color);padding:7px 15px;text-align:center}div.text table th{font-weight:700;color:var(--epcl-black);font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family)}div.text .gallery dl{margin:0}div.text address{font-style:italic;margin-bottom:25px}div.text .gallery-caption{color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text .bypostauthor{color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text .aligncenter,div.text div.aligncenter{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-bottom:24px}div.text .aligncenter img,div.text div.aligncenter img{display:block;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}div.text .alignright{float:right;margin:0 0 24px 24px}div.text .alignleft{float:left;margin:0 24px 24px 0}div.text .wp-caption{max-width:96%;padding:8px 3px 10px!important;text-align:center;margin-bottom:25px}div.text .wp-caption img{border:0 none;height:auto;margin:0;max-width:98.5%;padding:0;width:auto;vertical-align:middle}div.text .wp-caption p.wp-caption-text{font-size:12px;line-height:17px;margin:0;padding:8px 4px 0}div.text .screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}div.text .screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#eee;clip:auto!important;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}div.text .epcl-gallery ul{margin:0 -10px}div.text .epcl-gallery ul li{list-style:none;padding-bottom:20px;padding:0 5px 10px}div.text .epcl-gallery ul a{background-image:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none}div.text .epcl-gallery ul a:after{display:none}div.text figure,div.text iframe,div.text p{padding-top:8px;margin-bottom:24px}div.text p>iframe{margin-bottom:0;display:block;border-radius:8px;padding-top:0}div.text blockquote,div.text hr,div.text pre,div.text table{margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:24px}div.text li{padding-bottom:8px}div.text ol,div.text ul{margin-bottom:24px}div.text ol li:last-of-type,div.text ul li:last-of-type{padding-bottom:0}div.text>:first-child:not(blockquote){padding-top:0}div.text figcaption{display:block;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:.85;margin-top:.5em;width:100%}div.text .wp-block{max-width:726px}div.text .wp-block[data-align=full]{max-width:none;margin-left:-60px;margin-right:-60px}div.text .wp-block[data-align=full] .alignfull{margin:0}div.text .wp-block[data-align=wide]{max-width:none;margin-left:-60px;margin-right:-60px}div.text .wp-block[data-align=wide] .alignwide{margin:0}div.text .wp-block-separator{display:block;max-width:100px;margin:0 auto 24px;padding-top:8px;border:0;border-bottom:3px solid var(--epcl-border-color);height:1px}div.text .wp-block-separator.is-style-wide{max-width:none}div.text .wp-block-separator.is-style-dots{border-bottom:3px dashed var(--epcl-border-color)!important}div.text .wp-block-button{padding-top:8px;margin-bottom:24px;text-align:center}div.text .wp-block-button.alignleft,div.text .wp-block-button.alignright{padding-top:17.6px}div.text .wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{padding:7px 24px}div.text .wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:hover{color:#fff;-webkit-transform:translateY(-2px);-ms-transform:translateY(-2px);transform:translateY(-2px)}div.text .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link{border:2px solid}div.text .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover{color:inherit}div.text .wp-block-image img{border-radius:8px}div.text .wp-block-image a:hover img{-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow)}div.text .wp-block-image figcaption{display:block;margin-bottom:0;font-size:13px;margin-top:1em;text-align:center;opacity:.85}div.text .wp-block-gallery{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:24px}div.text .wp-block-gallery ul{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:-24px;padding-top:3px}div.text .wp-block-gallery ul:after{content:".";display:block;overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;font-size:0;line-height:0;width:0;height:0}div.text .wp-block-gallery li{padding-bottom:0;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}div.text .wp-block-gallery li figure{padding-top:0;margin:0;position:relative}div.text .wp-block-gallery li figcaption{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}div.text .wp-block-gallery figure{background-image:none;padding-top:0}div.text .wp-block-gallery figure figcaption{border-radius:8px;pointer-events:none}div.text .wp-block-gallery figure img{border-radius:8px}div.text .wp-block-gallery figure a{border:0;border-radius:8px}div.text .wp-block-gallery figure a:hover{-webkit-transform:translateY(-2px);-ms-transform:translateY(-2px);transform:translateY(-2px)}div.text .wp-block-gallery figure:after{display:none}div.text .wp-block-cover{margin-bottom:24px;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden}div.text .wp-block-cover.alignleft{margin-right:24px}div.text .wp-block-cover.alignright{margin-left:24px}div.text .wp-block-cover.aligncenter{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}div.text .wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover-text,div.text .wp-block-cover a,div.text .wp-block-cover a:not([class]),div.text .wp-block-cover p{color:#fff;line-height:1.25}div.text .wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover-text strong,div.text .wp-block-cover a strong,div.text .wp-block-cover a:not([class]) strong,div.text .wp-block-cover p strong{color:#fff}div.text .wp-block-media-text{margin-bottom:32px}div.text .wp-block-media-text figure{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-file{border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);border-radius:8px;background:#fff;text-align:center;padding:25px}div.text .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,div.text .wp-block-file .wp-element-button{padding:.5em 1em}div.text .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:hover,div.text .wp-block-file .wp-element-button:hover{color:#fff}div.text .wp-block-video video{border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);border-radius:8px}div.text .wp-block-archives,div.text .wp-block-categories,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts{margin-left:0;padding-left:0;min-width:260px;display:inline-block}div.text .wp-block-archives.aligncenter,div.text .wp-block-categories.aligncenter,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts.aligncenter{display:block;max-width:260px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;text-align:center}div.text .wp-block-archives time,div.text .wp-block-categories time,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts time{padding-left:20px;color:#4D6385;position:relative}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option),div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option),div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option){display:block;margin-bottom:10px;padding-bottom:10px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);text-align:right;padding-left:0;background:none;line-height:30px}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) div,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) div,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) div{display:inline-block}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) span,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) span,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) span{display:inline-block;padding:0;color:#fff;background:var(--epcl-gradient-color);width:25px;height:25px;text-align:center;line-height:25px;font-size:13px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:50%;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family)}#footer div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) span,#footer div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) span,#footer div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) span{color:#fff}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) a,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) a,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) a{float:left;color:var(--epcl-black);border:0;font-weight:400}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) a:after,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) a:after,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) a:after{display:none}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) a:hover,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) a:hover,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) a:hover{color:var(--epcl-main-color)}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option):after,div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option):before,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option):after,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option):before,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option):after,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option):before{content:'';display:block;width:100%;clear:both}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option):last-of-type,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option):last-of-type,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option):last-of-type{margin-bottom:0!important;border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) ul.children,div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) ul.sub-menu,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) ul.children,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) ul.sub-menu,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) ul.children,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) ul.sub-menu{clear:both;padding:10px 0 0 0;margin-top:10px;border-top:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);margin-left:0}div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) ul.children li,div.text .wp-block-archives li:not(.option) ul.sub-menu li,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) ul.children li,div.text .wp-block-categories li:not(.option) ul.sub-menu li,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) ul.children li,div.text .wp-block-latest-posts li:not(.option) ul.sub-menu li{padding-left:20px}div.text .wp-block-latest-posts{display:block;min-width:inherit}div.text .wp-block-latest-posts time{display:inline-block}div.text .wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}div.text .wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li:last-of-type{margin-bottom:10px!important;border-bottom:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);padding-bottom:10px}div.text .wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid li:not(.option){text-align:inherit}div.text .wp-block-archives-dropdown ul{margin:0}div.text .wp-block-comments,div.text .wp-block-latest-comments{list-style:none;margin-left:0}div.text .wp-block-comments li,div.text .wp-block-latest-comments li{list-style:none;display:block;margin-top:20px;position:relative;border-bottom:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);padding-bottom:10px!important}div.text .wp-block-comments li time,div.text .wp-block-latest-comments li time{color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text .wp-block-comments__comment-excerpt p,div.text .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p{padding-bottom:10px;margin:0}div.text .wp-block-comments__comment-meta,div.text .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta{font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-size:16px}div.text .wp-block-comments__comment-meta a,div.text .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-meta a{font-weight:700}div.text .wp-block-quote{padding:40px;padding-right:60px;margin:0 0 25px 0;border-left:0;font-style:italic!important;position:relative;z-index:1;font-size:110%;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);background:#fff;border-radius:8px;background:#fff no-repeat 97% 90% url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='40' height='40'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M19.417 6.679C20.447 7.773 21 9 21 10.989c0 3.5-2.457 6.637-6.03 8.188l-.893-1.378c3.335-1.804 3.987-4.145 4.247-5.621-.537.278-1.24.375-1.929.311-1.804-.167-3.226-1.648-3.226-3.489a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3.5-3.5c1.073 0 2.099.49 2.748 1.179zm-10 0C10.447 7.773 11 9 11 10.989c0 3.5-2.457 6.637-6.03 8.188l-.893-1.378c3.335-1.804 3.987-4.145 4.247-5.621-.537.278-1.24.375-1.929.311C4.591 12.322 3.17 10.841 3.17 9a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3.5-3.5c1.073 0 2.099.49 2.748 1.179z' fill='rgba(218,222,237,1)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");line-height:1.85;font-weight:400;background-size:50px}div.text .wp-block-quote em{font-style:italic}div.text .wp-block-quote cite,div.text .wp-block-quote__citation{display:block;margin-top:15px;color:var(--epcl-black);font-style:normal;font-size:15px;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-weight:700;text-transform:none}div.text .wp-block-quote ul{padding-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-quote p{padding-top:0}div.text .wp-block-quote p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-quote.is-large,div.text .wp-block-quote.is-style-large{padding:40px;padding-right:60px}div.text .wp-block-quote.is-large cite,div.text .wp-block-quote.is-style-large cite{text-align:left}div.text .wp-block-pullquote{padding:25px 70px;margin-top:8px;position:relative;z-index:1;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);background:#fff;border-radius:8px;font-size:17px}div.text .wp-block-pullquote:after,div.text .wp-block-pullquote:before{content:'';width:40px;height:40px;position:absolute;left:20px;top:20px;z-index:2;background:no-repeat url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='40' height='40'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M4.583 17.321C3.553 16.227 3 15 3 13.011c0-3.5 2.457-6.637 6.03-8.188l.893 1.378c-3.335 1.804-3.987 4.145-4.247 5.621.537-.278 1.24-.375 1.929-.311 1.804.167 3.226 1.648 3.226 3.489a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-3.5 3.5c-1.073 0-2.099-.49-2.748-1.179zm10 0C13.553 16.227 13 15 13 13.011c0-3.5 2.457-6.637 6.03-8.188l.893 1.378c-3.335 1.804-3.987 4.145-4.247 5.621.537-.278 1.24-.375 1.929-.311 1.804.167 3.226 1.648 3.226 3.489a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-3.5 3.5c-1.073 0-2.099-.49-2.748-1.179z' fill='rgba(218,222,237,1)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}div.text .wp-block-pullquote:after{top:auto;left:auto;bottom:20px;right:20px;background:no-repeat url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='40' height='40'%3E%3Cpath fill='none' d='M0 0h24v24H0z'/%3E%3Cpath d='M19.417 6.679C20.447 7.773 21 9 21 10.989c0 3.5-2.457 6.637-6.03 8.188l-.893-1.378c3.335-1.804 3.987-4.145 4.247-5.621-.537.278-1.24.375-1.929.311-1.804-.167-3.226-1.648-3.226-3.489a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3.5-3.5c1.073 0 2.099.49 2.748 1.179zm-10 0C10.447 7.773 11 9 11 10.989c0 3.5-2.457 6.637-6.03 8.188l-.893-1.378c3.335-1.804 3.987-4.145 4.247-5.621-.537.278-1.24.375-1.929.311C4.591 12.322 3.17 10.841 3.17 9a3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3.5-3.5c1.073 0 2.099.49 2.748 1.179z' fill='rgba(218,222,237,1)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}div.text .wp-block-pullquote blockquote{border-left:0;padding:20px 0;margin:0;font-style:normal;background:none;border:0;line-height:1.85;font-weight:400;background-size:50px}div.text .wp-block-pullquote blockquote:before{display:none}div.text .wp-block-pullquote blockquote p{padding-top:0;margin-bottom:8px}div.text .wp-block-pullquote blockquote cite{padding-bottom:8px}div.text .wp-block-pullquote blockquote cite{display:block;margin-top:8px;color:var(--epcl-black);font-style:normal;font-size:15px;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-weight:700;text-transform:none}div.text .wp-block-pullquote__citation{display:block;margin-top:8px;color:var(--epcl-black);font-style:normal;font-size:15px;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-weight:700;text-transform:none}div.text .wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}div.text .wp-block-embed figcaption{display:block;padding-top:8px;color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text .wp-block-embed iframe{display:block;padding:0;margin:0;border-radius:8px}div.text .wp-block-embed.aligncenter{display:table}div.text .wp-block-embed.wp-has-aspect-ratio.aligncenter{display:block}div.text .wp-block-audio figcaption{color:var(--epcl-black)}div.text .wp-block-table{border-color:var(--epcl-border-color);border-collapse:collapse}div.text .wp-block-table.is-style-stripes tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:#fff}div.text .wp-block-rss{margin-left:0;list-style:none}div.text .wp-block-rss li{list-style:none}div.text .wp-block-search label{font-weight:700}div.text .wp-block-search .wp-block-search__input{border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);margin-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button{margin:0;padding:5px 25px;height:45px;margin-left:10px;background:var(--epcl-gradient-color);border-radius:8px}div.text .wp-block-query ul{margin-left:0}div.text .wp-block-query ul li{list-style:none}div.text .wp-block-query-pagination .page-numbers.current{font-weight:700;cursor:default}div.text .wp-block-query-pagination-next,div.text .wp-block-query-pagination-previous{font-weight:700}div.text .wp-block-avatar img,div.text .wp-block-post-author img{border-radius:50%}div.text .wp-block-group{margin-bottom:24px}div.text .wp-block-group.has-background p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-group.has-border-color{border:solid}div.text .wp-block-group.has-border-color p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-social-links li{padding-bottom:0}div.text .wp-block-code{background-color:var(--epcl-code-color)}div.text .wp-block-code textarea{background-color:var(--epcl-code-color)}div.text .wp-block-calendar table{border-collapse:separate;border:0}div.text .wp-block-calendar table thead{background:var(--epcl-gradient-color);color:#fff}div.text .wp-block-calendar table thead th{background:transparent;border:0;color:#fff}div.text .wp-block-calendar table td{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color)}div.text .wp-block-calendar table #today{font-weight:700}div.text .alignwide{margin-left:-60px;margin-right:-60px;max-width:none;width:auto}div.text .alignwide iframe,div.text .alignwide img{width:100%}div.text .alignfull{margin-left:-60px;margin-right:-60px;max-width:none;width:auto;overflow:hidden}div.text .alignfull iframe,div.text .alignfull img{display:block!important;width:100%}.no-sidebar div.text .alignfull{margin-left:calc(50% - 50vw);margin-right:calc(50% - 50vw);width:auto;max-width:1000%;position:relative;z-index:1}div.text .alignfull.wp-block-columns{padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px}div.text .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-size:4em;margin-right:10px}#header{position:relative;z-index:99;margin-bottom:-20px}#header div.menu-mobile{display:none}#header .grid-container{padding:60px 0 0;position:relative}#header .logo{text-align:center;margin:5px auto}#header .logo a{display:inline-block;color:var(--epcl-black);vertical-align:middle;margin:6px 0 0}#header .logo a img{display:block}#header .logo a:hover{-webkit-transform:translateY(-2px);-ms-transform:translateY(-2px);transform:translateY(-2px)}#header .logo.text-logo #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#header .logo.text-logo .title,#header .logo.text-logo .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #header .logo.text-logo .comment-author,.wpcf7 #header .logo.text-logo label{font-size:40px;word-break:keep-all}#header .logo.text-logo a{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}#header .logo.text-logo .icon{width:30px;line-height:30px;margin:auto 7px auto 0}#header .logo.text-logo .icon svg{fill:var(--epcl-main-color)}#header .sticky-logo{display:none}#header.minimalist .grid-container{padding:40px 0}#header.minimalist .main-nav{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}#header.minimalist ul.menu{padding:0}#header.minimalist .logo{margin:0}#header.minimalist .search-menu-item svg{margin-right:2px;position:relative;z-index:2;top:-1px}#header.minimalist .subscribe-button{margin-top:-3px}#header.advertising,#header.classic{text-align:center}#header.advertising .logo,#header.classic .logo{float:none}#header.advertising .epcl-flex,#header.classic .epcl-flex{display:block;position:relative;z-index:99}#header.advertising nav,#header.classic nav{float:none;text-align:center;display:inline-block;padding:10px 30px;margin:30px 0 0}#header.advertising .subscribe-button,#header.classic .subscribe-button{position:absolute;right:0;top:-2px}#header.classic .logo:not(.sticky-logo){display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}#header.classic .logo:not(.sticky-logo) a{margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important}#header.classic .epcl-social-buttons{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:101}#header.advertising .logo{float:left;padding:30px 0 30px}#header.advertising .epcl-banner{float:right;width:728px;height:90px;padding:10px 0}#header.advertising .subscribe-button{display:none}#header .epcl-search-button{position:absolute;right:0;top:3px;display:none}#header .epcl-search-button svg{margin-top:-2px}#header .epcl-social-buttons{float:right;margin:5px 0 0 5px}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper{position:fixed;top:0;padding:10px 0;z-index:1000;width:100%;background:#fff;-webkit-animation:headerPinnedSlideDown 400ms forwards;animation:headerPinnedSlideDown 400ms forwards;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1)}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .grid-container{padding:0}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .epcl-flex{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .logo{float:left;margin:5px 0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;max-width:150px}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .logo a{font-size:40px}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .ads,#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .clear.ad{display:none}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper nav{text-align:right;float:right;margin-top:auto;margin-bottom:auto;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;margin-right:30px;padding:0}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .epcl-social-buttons{display:none}#header[data-stuck] div.menu-wrapper .subscribe-button{position:relative;right:auto;top:auto}#header[data-stuck] .epcl-banner{display:none}#header[data-stuck].has-sticky-logo .logo:not(.text-logo){display:none}#header[data-stuck].has-sticky-logo .sticky-logo{display:block!important}.main-nav{text-align:right}.main-nav ul.menu{font-size:0;display:inline-block}.main-nav ul.menu>li.menu-item-has-children{margin-right:10px;padding-right:15px}.main-nav ul.menu li{display:inline-block;padding:10px 15px;position:relative}.main-nav ul.menu li.current-menu-item>a{color:var(--epcl-main-color);background:none!important}.main-nav ul.menu li.subscribe-menu-item{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}.main-nav ul.menu li.menu-item-has-children:after{content:'';background:no-repeat center center url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cpath d='M11.9997 13.1714L16.9495 8.22168L18.3637 9.63589L11.9997 15.9999L5.63574 9.63589L7.04996 8.22168L11.9997 13.1714Z' %3E%3C/path%3E%3C/svg%3E");display:block;position:absolute;font-size:14px;width:12px;height:25px;right:0;top:50%;z-index:5;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);margin-top:0;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.main-nav ul.menu li .link,.main-nav ul.menu li a{display:inline-block;font-size:17px;line-height:1.25;position:relative;z-index:1;color:var(--epcl-black);font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);font-weight:600;cursor:pointer}#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination .main-nav ul.menu li a,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination .main-nav ul.menu li a.link,.main-nav ul.menu li #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a,.main-nav ul.menu li #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a.link,.main-nav ul.menu li .link.epcl-button,.main-nav ul.menu li a.epcl-button{color:#fff}#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination .main-nav ul.menu li a.link:hover,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination .main-nav ul.menu li a:hover,.main-nav ul.menu li #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a.link:hover,.main-nav ul.menu li #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a:hover,.main-nav ul.menu li .link.epcl-button:hover,.main-nav ul.menu li a.epcl-button:hover{color:#fff}@-webkit-keyframes fadeInMenu{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.2);transform:scale(.2)}to{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}}@keyframes fadeInMenu{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.2);transform:scale(.2)}to{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1)}}.main-nav ul.sub-menu{position:absolute;left:0;top:100%;z-index:100;padding:15px 0;background:#fff;min-width:250px;text-align:left;left:-20px;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);border-radius:8px;-webkit-transition:all 200ms ease;transition:all 200ms ease}.main-nav ul.sub-menu li{display:block;padding:0}.main-nav ul.sub-menu li.current-menu-item a{font-weight:600}.main-nav ul.sub-menu li.current-menu-item a:after{display:none}.main-nav ul.sub-menu li.menu-item-has-children:after{display:none;right:10px;content:'\f105'}.main-nav ul.sub-menu li a{display:block;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;color:var(--epcl-black);padding:10px 25px;background:none}.main-nav ul.sub-menu li a:hover{color:var(--epcl-main-color)}.main-nav ul.sub-menu ul.sub-menu{left:100%;top:-15px;-webkit-transform:scale(1) translateX(-10px);-ms-transform:scale(1) translateX(-10px);transform:scale(1) translateX(-10px)}.main-nav ul.menu li:hover>ul.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:scale(1) translateY(0);-ms-transform:scale(1) translateY(0);transform:scale(1) translateY(0)}.main-nav ul.menu>li.menu-item-has-children.last-menu-item ul.sub-menu{left:auto;right:0}.main-nav ul.menu>li.menu-item-has-children.last-menu-item ul.sub-menu ul.sub-menu{left:auto;right:100%}@-webkit-keyframes headerPinnedSlideDown{0%{top:-100%}to{top:0}}@keyframes headerPinnedSlideDown{0%{top:-100%}to{top:0}}.notice.text{background:var(--epcl-boxes-background-color);color:var(--epcl-black);text-align:center;padding-top:10px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;position:relative;z-index:3;border-bottom:1px solid var(--epcl-boxes-border-color)}.notice.text p{padding-top:0;margin-bottom:10px;display:inline-block}.notice.text a{color:var(--epcl-black)!important}.notice.text .remixicon,.notice.text i.fa{margin-right:5px;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-3px}.notice.text svg{width:20px;height:20px;margin-top:-5px;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:7px;color:var(--epcl-black)}.notice.text .close{display:inline-block;font-size:24px;font-weight:600;line-height:1;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-5px;margin-left:5px}.notice.text .close:hover{opacity:.75}.notice.text .close:before{display:none}#footer{margin-top:80px;padding:40px 0 40px;min-height:inherit;background:var(--epcl-boxes-background-color);border-top:1px solid var(--epcl-boxes-border-color)}#footer.no-background{background:none;margin-top:20px;padding:0;border:0}#footer.no-background .sticky-logo{display:none}#footer .widgets{margin-top:-40px}#footer .widgets .default-sidebar{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}#footer .widgets #single #comments.hosted .comment .bordered.comment-author,#footer .widgets .title.bordered,#footer .widgets .wpcf7 label.bordered,#single #comments.hosted .comment #footer .widgets .bordered.comment-author,.wpcf7 #footer .widgets label.bordered{margin-bottom:35px}#footer .widgets .epcl-row{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}#footer .widgets .widget{border:0;border-left:1px solid var(--epcl-boxes-border-color);background:none;margin-top:60px;padding-left:80px;border-radius:0}#footer .widgets .widget.widget_epcl_subscribe_form{width:40%}#footer .widgets .widget:nth-child(3n+1){border:0}#footer .widgets .default-sidebar,#footer .widgets .mobile-sidebar{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}#footer .widgets .widget_text a{font-weight:700}#footer .logo{margin-bottom:20px}#footer .logo a{display:inline-block;color:var(--epcl-black);font-size:40px}#footer .logo a:hover{-webkit-transform:translateY(-3px);-ms-transform:translateY(-3px);transform:translateY(-3px)}#footer .logo.text-logo #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#footer .logo.text-logo .title,#footer .logo.text-logo .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #footer .logo.text-logo .comment-author,.wpcf7 #footer .logo.text-logo label{font-size:40px}#footer .logo.text-logo a{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center}#footer .logo.text-logo .icon{width:30px;line-height:30px;margin:auto 7px auto 0}#footer .logo.text-logo .icon svg{fill:var(--epcl-main-color)}#footer #back-to-top{position:fixed;right:-10px;bottom:10px;text-align:center;z-index:99;width:50px;height:50px;text-align:center;line-height:50px;padding:0;font-size:25px;opacity:0;border-radius:100%;cursor:pointer}#footer #back-to-top img{vertical-align:middle}#footer #back-to-top i.fa{margin:0}#footer #back-to-top.visible{opacity:1;right:10px;bottom:10px}#footer .epcl-border{margin:0}#footer .published{text-align:center;padding:20px;font-size:15px}#footer .published a{font-weight:700}#footer .published svg.icon{margin:0 4px}time:not(.icon){position:relative;color:#4D6385;text-transform:capitalize}time:not(.icon) .dot{margin-right:12px;margin-left:0}time:not(.icon) .dot.small{margin-right:8px}time:not(.icon).small{font-size:12px;line-height:1;padding-left:12px}time:not(.icon).small:before{width:2px;height:2px;margin-top:-2px}time.icon svg{margin-right:2px;margin-top:-2px}.access-icon{position:absolute;left:20px;top:0;z-index:3;width:46px;height:46px;text-align:center;line-height:46px;border-radius:0 0 8px 8px;background:#FFDB00;color:var(--epcl-black);-webkit-box-shadow:0 8px 16px -8px rgba(0,0,0,.3),0 13px 27px -5px rgba(50,50,93,.25);box-shadow:0 8px 16px -8px rgba(0,0,0,.3),0 13px 27px -5px rgba(50,50,93,.25)}.access-icon svg{width:21px;height:21px;vertical-align:middle}.access-icon:hover{color:var(--epcl-black)}.post-access-public .visibility-public{display:inline-block}.post-access-members .visibility-members{display:inline-block}.post-access-paid .visibility-paid{display:inline-block}div.meta{color:#4D6385;font-size:14px}div.meta a{color:#4D6385}div.meta a:hover{color:var(--epcl-main-color)}div.meta.small{font-size:12px}div.meta.absolute{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;text-align:center;padding:20px;background:#000;z-index:2;border-radius:0 0 8px 8px;background:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,left bottom,from(rgba(0,0,0,0)),to(rgba(0,0,0,.4)));background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,.4) 100%);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.featured-image:hover div.meta.absolute{opacity:1;visibility:visible}div.meta .comments{color:#fff;font-size:14px}div.meta .comments svg{fill:#fff;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-3px;margin-right:5px}div.meta .comments:hover{color:#fff}div.meta .min-read{display:inline-block;cursor:default;text-transform:lowercase;margin-left:auto;padding-left:12px}div.meta .min-read svg{width:19px;height:19px;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-4px;margin-right:5px;fill:#4D6385}div.meta .meta-info{margin-left:12px}div.meta .author{color:var(--epcl-main-color);font-weight:600}div.meta .author .author-image{width:35px;height:35px;position:relative;left:auto;top:0;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:7px;border-radius:50%;font-size:16px;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);-webkit-transition:all 300ms var(--epcl-transition-bezier);transition:all 300ms var(--epcl-transition-bezier)}div.meta .author .author-image:before{display:none}div.meta .author .author-image.small{width:25px;height:25px}div.meta .author:hover{color:var(--epcl-black)}div.meta .author .author-name span{color:var(--epcl-black);font-weight:400}div.meta .sticky-icon{margin-left:8px;margin-top:-7px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}div.meta.bottom .author{float:right}.epcl-views-counter.absolute{display:inline-block;cursor:default;position:absolute;right:15px;top:15px;z-index:5;border-radius:100px;background:#fff;color:var(--epcl-black);font-size:13px;padding:4px 12px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1),0 22px 27px -30px rgba(7,10,25,.1);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1),0 22px 27px -30px rgba(7,10,25,.1)}.epcl-views-counter .icon{margin-right:2px;margin-top:-3px}div.articles article{margin:0 auto 80px;padding-right:20px;position:relative;z-index:2}div.articles .featured-image{position:relative;z-index:2}div.articles .post-format-wrapper{position:relative;z-index:2}div.articles .post-format-wrapper.hidden{display:none}div.articles .post_format-post-format-gallery{display:block}div.articles .post-style-small{float:left}div.articles .post-format-audio,div.articles .post-format-gallery,div.articles .post-format-video{position:relative;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;height:450px;border-radius:13px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2)}div.articles .post-format-audio iframe,div.articles .post-format-gallery iframe,div.articles .post-format-video iframe{display:block;height:100%}div.articles .post-format-audio div.item,div.articles .post-format-gallery div.item,div.articles .post-format-video div.item{height:450px;position:relative}div.articles .post-format-gallery .thumb{width:100%;height:100%;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}div.articles .post-format-audio{height:250px}div.articles.classic article .thumb{display:block;width:330px;height:330px;border-radius:8px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);overflow:hidden}div.articles.classic article .main-title{margin-bottom:15px}div.articles.classic article .post-excerpt{margin-top:15px}div.articles.classic article .info{padding:20px;padding-left:40px}div.articles.classic article .meta.bottom{margin-top:30px}div.articles.classic article.no-thumb .post-format-image{display:block}div.articles.classic article.no-thumb .info{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}div.articles.classic article.no-thumb div.meta .min-read{margin-left:40px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image{display:block;text-align:center}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .post-format-image{display:block}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .featured-image{display:block}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .thumb{width:100%;height:450px;border-radius:13px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info{padding:40px 50px 0}#single #comments.hosted .comment div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info .comment-author,.wpcf7 div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info label,div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info .title,div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info .wpcf7 label{font-size:34px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .meta-wrapper{display:block;margin-bottom:20px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .meta-wrapper div.tags{display:none}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image footer .meta{display:inline-block}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image footer .meta .min-read{margin-left:20px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image footer .author{float:none}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image.no-thumb .main-title{padding:0 80px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image.no-thumb .info{padding-top:0}div.articles.grid-posts{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}div.articles.grid-posts[data-columns="2"] article{width:50%}div.articles.grid-posts[data-columns="3"] article{width:33%}div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-wrapper{margin-bottom:35px}div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-audio,div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-gallery,div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-video{position:relative;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;height:300px}div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-audio iframe,div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-gallery iframe,div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-video iframe{height:100%}div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-audio div.item,div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-gallery div.item,div.articles.grid-posts .post-format-video div.item{height:300px;position:relative}div.articles.grid-posts .epcl-bg{padding:20px 20px 25px;margin:0 20px;position:relative;z-index:2}div.articles.grid-posts article{padding:0 20px;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:80px}div.articles.grid-posts article.no-image div.info{position:relative;left:auto;bottom:auto;right:auto;padding-bottom:0}div.articles.grid-posts article.no-image div.meta.absolute,div.articles.grid-posts article.no-image div.tags{display:none}div.articles.grid-posts article .featured-image .thumb{display:block;border-radius:13px;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);height:300px;overflow:hidden}div.articles.grid-posts article .featured-image:hover div.info .shadow-effect{-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-small-shadow);-webkit-transform:translate(-2px,-2px);-ms-transform:translate(-2px,-2px);transform:translate(-2px,-2px)}div.articles.grid-posts article div.tags{position:absolute;left:15px;top:15px;z-index:3;margin:0}div.articles.grid-posts article div.tags a{margin:0}div.articles.grid-posts article div.meta{font-size:14px;margin-top:20px}div.articles.grid-posts article .info{padding:0 20px}div.articles.grid-posts article .main-title{font-size:26px;margin-bottom:0}div.articles.grid-posts article .post-excerpt{padding:20px 20px}div.articles.grid-posts article footer.bottom{margin:15px 20px 0}div.articles.grid-posts article footer.bottom .author{float:none;margin:0 15px;font-size:13px;font-weight:500;font-family:var(--epcl-font-family)}.epcl-pagination{clear:both;text-align:center;padding:30px 0}.epcl-pagination div.nav{display:inline-block}.epcl-pagination div.nav>span{display:inline-block;margin:0 10px;height:36px;font-size:14px;font-weight:500;line-height:36px;padding:0 15px}.epcl-pagination div.nav a span{padding:0;margin:0}#single .epcl-pagination{margin-top:30px}#single .epcl-pagination div.nav a,#single .epcl-pagination div.nav>span.current{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-family:var(--epcl-title-font-family);background:transparent;color:var(--epcl-black);position:relative}#single .epcl-pagination div.nav a:hover{-webkit-transform:translateY(-2px);-ms-transform:translateY(-2px);transform:translateY(-2px)}#single .epcl-pagination div.nav>span.current{cursor:default;color:#fff;background:var(--epcl-gradient-color);position:relative}#single .epcl-pagination div.nav .page-number{background:none;vertical-align:middle;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;padding:0}#single .epcl-pagination div.nav .post-page-numbers{width:35px;height:35px;padding:0;border-radius:100px;line-height:33px;margin:0 5px}.epcl-subscribe{font-size:16px;position:relative;z-index:2;padding:45px 40px;min-height:auto;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#4776E6 0%,#8E54E9 100%);color:#fff;border-radius:13px;margin-top:80px}.epcl-subscribe.text-black{color:var(--epcl-black);background:none;padding:0;max-width:440px;text-align:left;margin-top:40px}.epcl-subscribe.text-black .description{margin:0}.epcl-subscribe .epcl-waves{height:70%!important}#single #comments.hosted .comment .epcl-subscribe .comment-author,.epcl-subscribe #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.epcl-subscribe .title,.epcl-subscribe .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 .epcl-subscribe label{margin-bottom:10px}.epcl-subscribe .description{max-width:450px;margin:0 auto;font-size:15px}.epcl-subscribe form{position:relative;z-index:2}.epcl-subscribe form .form-group{margin:5px auto 10px;position:relative;max-width:500px}.epcl-subscribe form .form-group .inputbox.large{margin:0;padding-right:175px}.epcl-subscribe form .form-group .submit.absolute{position:absolute;right:-2px;top:0;height:100%;font-size:16px;padding:0 35px;border-radius:0 8px 8px 0}.epcl-subscribe form .form-group .submit.absolute:hover{-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none}.articles .epcl-subscribe{margin:0 0 80px}div.left-content{padding-left:0;padding-right:50px}.classic-sidebar div.left-content,.grid-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:50px}.grid-sidebar div.left-content{padding-left:0;padding-right:30px}.no-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:20px;max-width:900px;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important}.no-active-sidebar div.left-content{width:auto;float:none}#sidebar{position:relative;z-index:1;float:right;padding:0}#sidebar .widget{position:relative;margin-bottom:40px;width:auto;float:none}#sidebar .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#sidebar.sticky-enabled{position:sticky;top:0}.sticky-header-enabled #sidebar.sticky-enabled{top:100px}.intro-text{font-size:22px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .intro-text .comment-author,.intro-text #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.intro-text .title,.intro-text .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 .intro-text label{margin-bottom:0}.intro-text p{font-size:18px;margin:40px auto 0;max-width:720px}.intro-text p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.epcl-carousel{padding:0;height:300px;margin:40px auto 0;-webkit-transition:all 1000ms ease;transition:all 1000ms ease}.epcl-carousel.slick-initialized{visibility:visible;height:inherit;opacity:1}.epcl-carousel .item{text-align:center;padding:10px 0}.epcl-carousel .item .img{width:100%;height:350px;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.epcl-carousel .item article{position:relative;z-index:1;margin:0 20px;background:#fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1),0 22px 27px -30px rgba(7,10,25,.1);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1),0 22px 27px -30px rgba(7,10,25,.1);padding:0;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.epcl-carousel .item article:hover{-webkit-transform:translateY(-3px);-ms-transform:translateY(-3px);transform:translateY(-3px)}.epcl-carousel .item .info{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;background:#fff;padding:25px 20px;min-height:130px;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.epcl-carousel .item .info div.meta{margin:10px auto 0}.epcl-slider{padding-top:90px;padding-bottom:60px;-webkit-transition:opacity 1000ms ease;transition:opacity 1000ms ease}.epcl-slider .epcl-column-container{padding:0;background:#fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 20px 10px rgba(50,50,93,.05);box-shadow:0 0 20px 10px rgba(50,50,93,.05);border-radius:0 13px 13px 0}.epcl-slider .slick-slider{margin:-25px 0!important}.epcl-slider.slick-initialized{visibility:visible;height:inherit;opacity:1}.epcl-slider .item{position:relative;z-index:3}.epcl-slider .item article{position:relative;z-index:2;height:525px;margin:0}.epcl-slider .item .thumb{width:100%}.epcl-slider .item .img{border-radius:13px;height:100%;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.epcl-slider .item .info{display:none;position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;z-index:3;color:#fff;padding:30px;border-radius:0 0 8px 8px;background:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,left bottom,from(rgba(0,32,80,0)),color-stop(70%,rgba(32,50,77,.4)));background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(0,32,80,0) 0%,rgba(32,50,77,.4) 70%)}.epcl-slider .item .info .meta{color:#fff}.epcl-slider .item .info .meta a,.epcl-slider .item .info .meta span{color:#fff}.epcl-slider .item .info .meta svg{fill:#fff}.epcl-slider .item .info .meta .comments{margin-left:25px}.epcl-slider .slider-index{padding-left:100px}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item{margin:25px 0;position:relative;z-index:2;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .count{position:absolute;right:100%;top:3px;margin-right:30px;z-index:2;background:var(--epcl-black);color:#fff;width:28px;height:28px;text-align:center;line-height:28px;border-radius:50%;font-weight:700;font-size:13px}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .main-title{margin-bottom:0}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item p{margin:10px 0}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .meta{padding-top:5px}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .toggle{display:none}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item.active .count{background:var(--epcl-gradient-color)}#single #comments.hosted .comment .epcl-slider .slider-index .item:hover .comment-author a,.epcl-slider .slider-index .item:hover #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author a,.epcl-slider .slider-index .item:hover .title a,.epcl-slider .slider-index .item:hover .wpcf7 label a,.wpcf7 .epcl-slider .slider-index .item:hover label a{background-size:100% 25%}.epcl-slider .slider-index .border{border-top:2px solid var(--epcl-border-color)}.epcl-slider .slider-index .border:last-of-type{display:none}#page #single.fullcover div.left-content{padding-right:0}.archive #author div.avatar{margin-top:10px}#archives .tag-description{margin-bottom:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;text-align:center;min-height:150px;margin:60px auto 0;position:relative;z-index:1;padding:40px 80px;padding-right:60px;overflow:hidden}#archives .tag-description.no-image{margin:60px auto;max-width:600px;padding-left:60px}#archives .tag-description.no-image .left{width:auto}#archives .tag-description .bg-decoration{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;z-index:-1;fill:var(--epcl-boxes-border-color);opacity:.4}#archives .tag-description .left{position:relative;z-index:2;text-align:left}#archives .tag-description .left .total{font-weight:600;margin-top:20px}#archives .tag-description .left p{margin-top:20px}#archives .tag-description .right{position:relative;z-index:2;margin-left:auto}#archives .tag-description .right p{max-width:600px;margin:0 auto}#archives .tag-description .right img{border-radius:8px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2)}#archives .tag-description #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a,#archives .tag-description .epcl-button,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination #archives .tag-description a{margin-top:30px}#archives .tag-description #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a .icon,#archives .tag-description .epcl-button .icon,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination #archives .tag-description a .icon{margin-right:10px}.epcl-authors{padding:0;margin-top:60px}.epcl-authors .item{text-align:center;padding:20px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;position:relative;z-index:2}.epcl-authors .item .thumb{display:block;overflow:hidden;border-radius:50%;width:330px;height:330px;margin:0 auto 30px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1),0 22px 27px -30px rgba(7,10,25,.1);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.1),0 22px 27px -30px rgba(7,10,25,.1)}.epcl-authors .item .img{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.epcl-authors .item div.social{margin-top:15px}.epcl-authors .item div.social a{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:13px;margin:0 10px 0 0}.epcl-authors .item div.social a svg{margin-right:5px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:middle}.epcl-authors .item div.social a.twitter svg{width:12px;height:12px}.epcl-authors .item div.social a.facebook svg{width:15px;height:15px;margin-right:7px}.epcl-authors .item .bio{padding-top:20px}#authors-page .epcl-authors .epcl-row{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}#authors-page .epcl-authors .item .img{height:100%}#author{position:relative;z-index:1;margin:60px auto 0;padding:40px 80px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}#author.no-avatar .right{margin-left:auto}#author .left{margin-right:60px;text-align:center}#author .author-avatar{display:block;width:250px;height:250px;border-radius:100%;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);position:relative}#author .author-avatar .author-image{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1;margin:0;-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none}#author .author-name{margin:20px 0 3px;line-height:1}#author .location{display:inline-block;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:7px;margin-top:-4px;color:var(--epcl-black);border:1px solid var(--epcl-boxes-border-color);padding:5px 8px;border-radius:6px;position:relative;z-index:2}#author .location:before{content:'';display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:1;z-index:-2;background:var(--epcl-boxes-border-color);opacity:.25}#author .right{margin-right:auto}#author .total{font-weight:600;margin-top:20px}#author div.info{margin-top:20px;max-width:550px}#author #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a,#author .epcl-button,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination #author a{margin-top:30px}#author div.social{margin-top:15px}#author div.social a{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:13px;margin:0 10px 0 0}#author div.social a svg{margin-right:5px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:middle}#author div.social a .name{color:var(--epcl-black)}#author div.social a.twitter svg{width:15px;height:15px}#author div.social a.custom-social img{width:17px;height:17px;margin-right:5px;margin-top:-3px;vertical-align:middle}#author .bg-decoration{position:absolute;right:0;bottom:0;width:249px;height:198px;z-index:-1;fill:var(--epcl-boxes-border-color);opacity:.4}#author.single-author{padding-top:80px;padding-left:40px;padding-right:0;margin:0}#author.single-author #single #comments.hosted .comment .bordered.comment-author,#author.single-author .title.bordered,#author.single-author .wpcf7 label.bordered,#single #comments.hosted .comment #author.single-author .bordered.comment-author,.wpcf7 #author.single-author label.bordered{margin-bottom:40px}#author.single-author .right .author-name{margin-top:0}#author.single-author .right .info{font-size:15px}#author.single-author #single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a,#author.single-author .epcl-button,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination #author.single-author a{margin-top:25px}#page-404 div.not-found{text-align:center}#page-404 div.not-found #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#page-404 div.not-found .title,#page-404 div.not-found .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #page-404 div.not-found .comment-author,.wpcf7 #page-404 div.not-found label{margin:0 0 30px}#page-404 div.not-found #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author span,#page-404 div.not-found .title span,#page-404 div.not-found .wpcf7 label span,#single #comments.hosted .comment #page-404 div.not-found .comment-author span,.wpcf7 #page-404 div.not-found label span{font-size:500%}#page-404 div.not-found i.fa{font-size:120px;margin:0 0 20px}#page-404 div.not-found p b,#page-404 div.not-found p strong{display:block}#page-404 div.not-found div.buttons{margin-top:30px}#page-404 .widget{background:none;border:0}.error404 #footer:not(.no-background),.error404 #header{display:none}.error404 #wrapper{height:100%}div.epcl-share-container{position:sticky;top:80px;z-index:100;margin-left:-75px;margin-top:-2px;float:left}div.epcl-share{border-radius:25px;position:sticky;top:0;width:45px;padding:0 2px}div.epcl-share a{display:block;height:40px;font-size:17px;line-height:40px;text-align:center;margin:5px 0}div.epcl-share a svg{width:25px!important;height:25px!important}div.epcl-share a:first-child{border:0}.no-sidebar #sidebar{display:none}.no-sidebar div.left-content{width:auto;border:0;margin-right:0;float:none}#single{-webkit-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;transform:none}#single .main-article{position:relative;z-index:1;padding:50px 60px}#single .main-article.no-image{padding-top:0}#single .main-title{margin-bottom:25px}#single .post-format-wrapper{position:relative;z-index:2}#single .post-format-wrapper.hidden{display:none}#single .post-style-small{float:left}#single .post-format-audio,#single .post-format-gallery,#single .post-format-video{position:relative;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;border-radius:13px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2)}#single .post-format-audio iframe,#single .post-format-gallery iframe,#single .post-format-video iframe{display:block}#single .post-format-audio div.item,#single .post-format-gallery div.item,#single .post-format-video div.item{height:450px;position:relative}#single .post-format-gallery{height:450px}#single .post-format-gallery .thumb{width:100%;height:100%;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}#single.fullcover .main-article{padding-top:0}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper{margin-top:45px}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image{position:relative;z-index:1;border-radius:13px;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);overflow:hidden}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image img{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;height:500px}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image .info{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:100%;z-index:3;padding:30px 40px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;background:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,left bottom,from(rgba(0,0,0,0)),to(rgba(0,0,0,.4)));background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(0,0,0,0) 0%,rgba(0,0,0,.4) 100%)}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image .meta.top{position:absolute;left:30px;top:30px;z-index:3}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image .meta.top .tags{display:inline}#single.fullcover #comments.hosted .comment .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image .comment-author,#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image .title,#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 #single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image label{margin:0;max-width:50%}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .info{text-align:center;margin-top:40px}#single.fullcover .post-format-wrapper{margin:0}#single.fullcover .post-format-video iframe{height:550px}#single.fullcover .post-format-gallery{max-height:inherit;margin-bottom:0;height:500px}#single.fullcover .post-format-gallery div.item{height:500px}#single.classic .featured-image{position:relative;z-index:2}#single.classic .featured-image img{border-radius:13px;height:500px;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow)}#single.classic .post-content{margin-top:50px}#single.classic .post-format-wrapper{margin:-50px -50px 50px}#single.classic .post-format-wrapper img[data-lazy=true]{height:425px;border:0}#single.classic .post-format-wrapper img[data-lazy=true].loaded{height:auto}#single.classic .info.epcl-flex{margin-bottom:40px}#single.classic #comments.hosted .comment .info.epcl-flex .comment-author,#single.classic .info.epcl-flex #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#single.classic .info.epcl-flex .title,#single.classic .info.epcl-flex .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 #single.classic .info.epcl-flex label{max-width:55%;font-size:26px;padding:10px 20px}#single.classic .info.epcl-flex .meta{width:50%;margin-left:30px;font-size:14px}#single.classic .info.epcl-flex .meta .meta-info.min-read{margin-right:0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article header{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:-50px -60px 60px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .featured-image{width:40%;margin:0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .featured-image img{height:330px;display:block;border-radius:8px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info{width:60%;display:block;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;padding-left:40px;margin-bottom:0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical #comments.hosted .comment .main-article .info .comment-author,#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .title,#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 #single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info label{max-width:100%;text-align:left;padding:0;font-weight:800}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .meta{margin:25px 0 0 0;width:auto;-webkit-box-align:baseline;-ms-flex-align:baseline;align-items:baseline}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .meta.top{margin:0 0 20px 0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .meta .tags{margin-bottom:20px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .last-update{margin-left:auto}#single .post-style-text .main-title{margin-bottom:5px}#single .post-style-text .meta{text-align:left}#single .bottom-tags{margin-top:60px;padding-top:40px;border-top:2px solid var(--epcl-border-color);font-size:15px}#single .bottom-tags .sep:last-of-type{display:none}#single .bottom-tags p{display:inline}#single .bottom-tags .tags-list{display:inline;padding:0 10px}#single .bottom-tags a{display:inline;color:var(--epcl-main-color);font-weight:600}#single .bottom-tags a:hover{color:var(--epcl-black)}#single .bottom-tags .last-update{margin-left:30px;text-transform:capitalize}#single .bottom-tags .tagged-in{margin-top:10px}#single section.related{padding-left:40px}#single section.related .epcl-row{margin:0 -15px;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-box-align:start;-ms-flex-align:start;align-items:start}#single section.related article{padding:0 15px;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;width:50%;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;min-height:100px}#single section.related article:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}#single section.related article .thumb{display:block;min-width:100px;height:100px;margin-right:20px;border-radius:8px;-webkit-box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow);box-shadow:var(--epcl-medium-shadow)}#single section.related article .thumb .fullimage{border-radius:8px}#single #comments{padding-left:40px}#single #comments.hosted .comment{display:block;position:relative;border-top:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:50px}#single #comments.hosted .comment.count-1{border:0;margin-top:-20px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .author-avatar{padding:0;border-radius:50%;position:absolute;left:0;top:25px;width:50px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .author-avatar:before{display:none}#single #comments.hosted .comment .author-avatar img{border-radius:50%;border:1px solid var(--epcl-border-color);width:50px;height:50px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .right{padding-left:20px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .right .text{font-size:15px;margin-top:10px;letter-spacing:.25px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .right .text p{padding-top:0;margin-bottom:15px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .right .text p:last-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author a:hover{color:var(--epcl-main-color)}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#single #comments.hosted .comment .date{font-size:14px!important}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-reply-link{margin-top:15px}#single #comments.hosted .children{padding-left:20px;padding-top:24px}#single #comments.hosted .children li:last-child{padding-bottom:0}#single #comments.hosted li a.comment-edit-link{text-decoration:underline;font-style:italic;font-size:12px}#single #comments.hosted li.no-avatar{padding-left:50px}#single #comments.hosted li.no-avatar .epcl-dropcap{margin:0;position:absolute;left:0;top:20px}#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination{border:0;padding:25px 0}#single #comments.hosted .pingback .right,#single #comments.hosted .trackback .right{padding:0}#single #comments.hosted .pingback cite,#single #comments.hosted .trackback cite{font-weight:700}#single #comments.hosted .pingback .text,#single #comments.hosted .trackback .text{padding-top:10px;font-size:14px}#single #comments.hosted .commentlist #respond{padding-bottom:60px}#single #comments.hosted.have-comments #respond{padding-top:30px}#single #reply-title #cancel-comment-reply-link{margin-left:5px;font-weight:400}#single .comment-form .logged-in-as a:last-child{font-weight:700}#single .comment-form #reply-title a{font-size:14px}#single .comment-form .form-author{width:48.75%;float:left}#single .comment-form .form-email{width:48.75%;float:right}#single .comment-form .form-submit{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:0}#single .comment-form p input[type=checkbox]{margin-right:10px;margin-left:5px;vertical-align:middle;margin-top:-2px}@media screen and (min-width:1201px){.hide-on-desktop-lg{display:none!important}}@media screen and (max-width:1450px){.grid-container{max-width:1200px}}@media screen and (max-width:1200px){[data-aos=fade-up],[data-aos=fade]{opacity:1!important;-webkit-transform:none!important;-ms-transform:none!important;transform:none!important}body{font-size:14px}body.menu-open{overflow-x:hidden}.content{margin-top:40px}div.left-content{padding-right:30px}.one-sidebar .left-content{width:auto}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.title,.wpcf7 label{font-size:20px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .ularge.comment-author,.title.ularge,.wpcf7 label.ularge{font-size:34px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .large.comment-author,.title.large,.wpcf7 label.large{font-size:28px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .medium.comment-author,#single #comments.hosted .comment nav.pagination a.comment-author,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination .comment a.comment-author,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a.title,.title.medium,.wpcf7 label.medium{font-size:18px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .small.comment-author,.title.small,.wpcf7 label.small{font-size:16px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.title.usmall,.wpcf7 label{font-size:13px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .carousel-title.comment-author,.title.carousel-title,.wpcf7 label.carousel-title{margin-bottom:-30px}.grid-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:0}#sidebar{padding-left:0}.epcl-authors .item .thumb{width:250px;height:250px}#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a:not(.epcl-shortcode),.button,.epcl-button:not(.epcl-shortcode){font-size:13px}.epcl-subscribe{padding:35px 20px}.widget{padding:30px 30px}.widget .widget-title svg.decoration,.widget .widget-title:before{left:-30px;background-size:20px 11px;margin-top:0}.widget_epcl_about .bio{font-size:14px}.widget_epcl_social ul li{width:47%;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:10px}.widget_epcl_social .icons a .name{font-size:13px}.widget_epcl_featured_category .item,.widget_epcl_posts_thumbs .item,.widget_epcl_related_articles .item{padding-left:100px;min-height:80px}.widget_epcl_featured_category .item .thumb,.widget_epcl_posts_thumbs .item .thumb,.widget_epcl_related_articles .item .thumb{width:80px;height:80px}#header.disable-sticky-mobile div.menu-wrapper{position:relative!important}#header div.menu-wrapper .grid-container{padding:0}#header .logo{padding:5px;float:none;margin:5px auto!important}#header div.menu-mobile{display:block;position:absolute;left:40px;top:50%;height:31px;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);z-index:200;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}#header div.menu-mobile i{vertical-align:middle}#header div.menu-mobile svg{fill:var(--epcl-black);-webkit-filter:none;filter:none}#header div.menu-mobile svg.close{display:none}body.menu-open #header div.menu-mobile svg.open{display:none}body.menu-open #header div.menu-mobile svg.close{display:block}#header nav{display:none!important}#header div.menu-wrapper{padding-bottom:20px;padding-top:20px}#header .epcl-search-button{top:50%;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);right:40px;display:block;width:40px;height:40px;line-height:40px}#header.advertising .logo{float:none}nav.mobile.main-nav{position:fixed;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;height:100%;margin:0;width:300px;z-index:100;background:#fff;text-align:left;padding:20px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-transform:translateX(-300px);-ms-transform:translateX(-300px);transform:translateX(-300px);-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);box-shadow:0 3px 12px -1px rgba(7,10,25,.2),0 22px 27px -20px rgba(7,10,25,.2);-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;overflow:auto}nav.mobile.main-nav ul{float:none;display:block}nav.mobile.main-nav li{display:block}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.menu>li{padding:15px}nav.mobile.main-nav .nav-login{text-align:center;margin-top:20px}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.menu li.menu-item-has-children{margin-right:0;padding-right:20px}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.menu li.menu-item-has-children:after{top:25px;padding:5px}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.menu li.menu-item-has-children:hover>ul.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;max-height:50vh!important;overflow:auto;padding:5px 0 0}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.menu li.menu-item-has-children li.menu-item-has-children:after{content:'';background:no-repeat center center url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'%3E%3Cpath d='M11.9997 13.1714L16.9495 8.22168L18.3637 9.63589L11.9997 15.9999L5.63574 9.63589L7.04996 8.22168L11.9997 13.1714Z' %3E%3C/path%3E%3C/svg%3E");display:block;position:absolute;font-size:14px;width:12px;height:25px;z-index:5;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%);margin-top:0;top:17px;right:5px}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.sub-menu{position:relative!important;left:auto!important;top:auto!important;max-height:0!important;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;background:none;padding:0;-webkit-transform:none!important;-ms-transform:none!important;transform:none!important;border:0}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.sub-menu li{padding:0}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.sub-menu li a{padding:10px 0}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.sub-menu ul.sub-menu{margin-left:5px}nav.mobile.main-nav ul.sub-menu ul.sub-menu li a{padding-left:10px}nav.mobile.main-nav div.logo{text-align:center;padding:20px 0}nav.mobile.main-nav .epcl-buttons{margin-top:20px;text-align:center}body.menu-open nav.mobile.main-nav{opacity:1;visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translateX(0);-ms-transform:translateX(0);transform:translateX(0)}div.menu-overlay{position:fixed;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:90;background:#000;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;-webkit-transition:all 300ms ease;transition:all 300ms ease}body.menu-open div.menu-overlay{opacity:.5;visibility:visible}body.menu-open #wrapper #header{display:none}body.menu-open #wrapper nav{opacity:1;visibility:visible}div.articles article{padding-right:0;margin-bottom:40px}div.articles.classic article .main-title{font-size:18px}div.articles.classic article .author-image{width:30px;height:30px}div.articles.classic article .thumb{width:250px;height:250px}div.articles.classic article .meta{font-size:12px}div.articles.classic article .meta.bottom{margin-top:20px}div.articles .epcl-subscribe{margin-bottom:40px}div.epcl-share-container{margin-left:-60px}#single.classic .post-format-wrapper{margin:0 0 50px}#single .main-article.bg-box{padding:50px}#footer{margin-top:60px}#footer .mobile-footer{padding-top:20px}#footer .mobile-footer .widget{padding-left:30px;width:auto!important;text-align:center;margin-bottom:0!important}#footer .mobile-footer .epcl-subscribe{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center}}@media screen and (min-width:981px) and (max-width:1200px){.hide-on-desktop-sm{display:none!important}body{min-width:inherit;font-size:14px}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.grid-container{padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.title,.wpcf7 label{font-size:20px}div.left-content{padding-right:40px}.classic-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:20px}.grid-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:20px}.widget_epcl_social .icons a{height:95px}#header .logo #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#header .logo .title,#header .logo .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #header .logo .comment-author,.wpcf7 #header .logo label{font-size:50px}.epcl-slider .slick-slider{width:50%}.epcl-slider .slick-slider .item article{height:450px}.epcl-slider .slider-index{width:50%}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .main-title{font-size:18px}#single .main-article{padding:0 0 30px}#single.classic .featured-image{margin:0 0 50px}#single.classic .featured-image img{height:400px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info{padding-left:20px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article div.meta .author-image{width:30px;height:30px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article header{margin:0;text-align:center}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article header .main-title{text-align:center!important}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .featured-image img{height:250px}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image img{height:400px}#page div.left-content{padding-left:20px}#author .left{margin-right:30px}#author .author-avatar{width:200px;height:200px}.epcl-authors .item{width:50%}div.articles.grid-posts article{width:50%}div.articles.grid-posts article .main-title{font-size:20px}#footer .widgets{padding:0 20px}#footer .widgets .widget.widget_epcl_subscribe_form{width:60%}#footer .widgets .widget:nth-child(n+3){display:none}}@media screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:990px){body{font-size:14px}div.left-content{padding-right:0}.grid-container{padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px}.np-tablet{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.nofloat-tablet{float:none!important}.no-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:0}.medium-section{padding-top:60px;padding-bottom:60px}.widget{margin-bottom:30px}aside .default-sidebar,aside .mobile-sidebar{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}aside .widget{width:50%;float:left;border:0;padding:0 30px;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}aside .widget.widget_search{background:none}#sidebar{display:none;float:none;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-top:0!important}#sidebar .sidebar-wrapper{margin:25px 0 0}.classic-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:0}#header .logo a{font-size:42px}#header .logo #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#header .logo .title,#header .logo .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #header .logo .comment-author,.wpcf7 #header .logo label{font-size:50px}.epcl-slider{padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:0}.epcl-slider .epcl-column-container{display:block;border-radius:13px}.epcl-slider .item{display:none}.epcl-slider .item .toggle{height:auto!important}.epcl-slider .item img.fullwidth{border-bottom-left-radius:0!important;border-bottom-right-radius:0!important}.epcl-slider .item.active{display:block}.epcl-slider .slick-slider{width:100%;margin:0!important}.epcl-slider .slick-slider .item article{height:400px}.epcl-slider .slick-slider .item article .meta{display:none}.epcl-slider .slider-index{width:auto;margin-top:0}.epcl-slider .slider-index .border{display:none!important}div.meta{font-size:13px}div.articles.grid-posts[data-columns] article{width:50%}div.articles.grid-posts article .main-title{font-size:18px}#archives .tag-description{padding:30px}#archives .tag-description .bg-decoration{width:250px;height:200px}#author{padding:30px}#author .author-avatar{width:175px;height:175px}#author.single-author{padding-top:60px}#single .main-article{padding:0 0 40px}#single.classic .featured-image{margin:0 0 40px}#single.classic .featured-image img{height:400px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info{padding-left:20px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article header{margin:0;text-align:center}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article header .main-title{text-align:center!important}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image img{height:350px}.membership-page .epcl-plan{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px}.membership-page .subscribe-plan{padding:25px 20px}.epcl-subscribe{margin-top:60px}#footer .widgets{padding:0 30px}#footer .widgets .mobile-sidebar{display:block}#footer .widgets .epcl-row{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}#footer .widgets .widget{width:100%;border:0;padding:0 60px;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}#footer .widgets .widget.widget_epcl_subscribe_form{display:block;text-align:center;width:100%}#footer .widgets .widget.widget_epcl_subscribe_form .epcl-subscribe{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}#footer .epcl-subscribe{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}#footer .widgets .default-sidebar{display:none}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.force-var{padding:30px;margin:20px}[class^=grid]{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.no-sidebar .default-sidebar{display:none!important}.no-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:0}.classic-sidebar div.left-content{padding-right:0}#wrapper{overflow-x:hidden}body{font-size:14px}.section{padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:30px}.medium-section{padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:40px}.section.bordered{margin:0 -20px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.grid-container{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.np-mobile{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.nofloat-mobile{float:none!important}.content{margin-top:30px}div.left-content{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}#sidebar{float:none;position:relative}#sidebar .widget-title{margin-left:10px}.bg-box{padding:30px 20px}.epcl-waves-page{top:-200px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.title,.wpcf7 label{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:20px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .ularge.comment-author,.title.ularge,.wpcf7 label.ularge{font-size:26px;margin-bottom:20px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .large.comment-author,.title.large,.wpcf7 label.large{font-size:22px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .medium.comment-author,#single #comments.hosted .comment nav.pagination a.comment-author,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination .comment a.comment-author,#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a.title,.title.medium,.wpcf7 label.medium{font-size:20px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .small.comment-author,.title.small,.wpcf7 label.small{font-size:14px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,.title.usmall,.wpcf7 label{font-size:12px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .carousel-title.comment-author,.title.carousel-title,.wpcf7 label.carousel-title{margin-top:30px}#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a:not(.epcl-shortcode),.button,.epcl-button:not(.epcl-shortcode){font-size:13px}#single #comments.hosted nav.pagination a:not(.epcl-shortcode).large,.button.large,.epcl-button:not(.epcl-shortcode).large{font-size:14px}input[type=email],input[type=password],input[type=search],input[type=tel],input[type=text],input[type=url],select,textarea{padding:12px 25px;font-size:16px}.epcl-border.small{margin-top:15px}.intro-text p{font-size:14px;margin-top:20px}.slick-dotted.slick-slider{margin-bottom:50px!important}#header .logo{max-width:160px;margin:0 auto 0!important;padding:5px 10px!important}#header .logo.text-logo{margin-top:-2px}#header .logo.text-logo #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#header .logo.text-logo .title,#header .logo.text-logo .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #header .logo.text-logo .comment-author,.wpcf7 #header .logo.text-logo label{font-size:40px}#header div.menu-mobile{left:20px}#header div.menu-wrapper{padding:0}#header div.menu-wrapper .grid-container{padding:20px 0}#header .epcl-search-button{right:20px}.main-nav ul.menu li{padding:15px}.epcl-slider{padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:0}.epcl-slider .epcl-column-container{display:block;border-radius:13px}.epcl-slider .item{display:none}.epcl-slider .item .toggle{height:auto!important;text-align:center}.epcl-slider .item img.fullwidth{border-bottom-left-radius:0!important;border-bottom-right-radius:0!important}.epcl-slider .item.active{display:block}.epcl-slider .slick-slider{width:100%;margin:0!important}.epcl-slider .slick-slider .item article{height:225px}.epcl-slider .slick-slider .item article .meta{display:none}.epcl-slider .slider-index{width:auto;margin-top:0;padding-left:20px}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item{margin:20px 0}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .main-title{text-align:center}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item .meta{padding-top:10px}.epcl-slider .slider-index .item div.meta .author img{display:none}.epcl-slider .slider-index .count{display:none}.epcl-slider .slider-index .toggle p{display:none}.epcl-slider .slider-index .border{display:none!important}.epcl-carousel{margin-bottom:50px}.epcl-carousel .item .img{height:250px}div.meta{font-size:12px}div.meta .author .author-image{width:25px!important;height:25px!important;margin-right:5px}div.articles{display:block}div.articles .epcl-subscribe{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}div.articles .post-format-audio,div.articles .post-format-gallery,div.articles .post-format-video{height:225px}div.articles .post-format-audio div.item,div.articles .post-format-gallery div.item,div.articles .post-format-video div.item{height:225px}div.articles.classic article{display:block;margin-bottom:25px;text-align:center}div.articles.classic article .thumb{width:100%;height:225px;margin-bottom:10px}div.articles.classic article .epcl-flex{display:block}div.articles.classic article .info{padding:10px}div.articles.classic article .main-title{margin:10px 0}div.articles.classic article .bottom.epcl-flex{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .thumb{height:225px}div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info{padding:10px}#single #comments.hosted .comment div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info .comment-author,.wpcf7 div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info label,div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info .title,div.articles.classic article.post-style-classic-image .info .wpcf7 label{font-size:18px}div.articles.grid-posts[data-columns] article{width:100%}div.articles.grid-posts article{margin-bottom:40px}div.articles.grid-posts article .featured-image .thumb{height:225px}div.articles.grid-posts article .main-title{font-size:18px;margin:10px 0}div.articles.grid-posts article footer.bottom{margin-top:0}div.articles.grid-posts article div.meta{margin-top:0}.widget_epcl_tag_cloud,.widget_tag_cloud,div.tags{font-size:12px}#single div.left-content{padding:0}#single .main-article{padding:0 0 20px}#single .bottom-tags{margin-top:40px;padding-top:30px}#single .bottom-tags .last-update,#single .bottom-tags .tags-list{display:block;margin:10px 0}#single .post-format-video iframe{height:225px}#single .post-format-gallery{height:225px}#single .post-format-gallery div.item{height:225px}#single.classic .post-format-wrapper{margin:0 0 30px}#single.classic .post-content{margin-top:20px}#single.classic .featured-image{margin:0 0 30px}#single.classic .featured-image img{height:225px}#single.classic .main-article .info{text-align:center}#single.classic .main-article .info .main-title{margin-bottom:20px}#single.classic div.meta{display:block}#single.classic div.meta .meta-info{margin:0 10px}#single.classic div.meta .min-read{margin-top:5px;padding-left:0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article header{margin:0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .featured-image{width:100%;margin:0 0 30px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .featured-image img{height:225px}#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info{display:block;width:auto;text-align:center;padding:0;margin:0}#single.classic.epcl-vertical #comments.hosted .comment .main-article .info .comment-author,#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .title,#single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 #single.classic.epcl-vertical .main-article .info label{text-align:center}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper{padding-bottom:0}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image{margin:30px -30px 0}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .featured-image img{height:225px}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .info{margin-top:30px}#single.fullcover .fullcover-wrapper .info div.meta .meta-info{margin:0 5px}#single .share-buttons{margin-top:30px}#single #comments.hosted .comment .share-buttons .comment-author,#single .share-buttons #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#single .share-buttons .title,#single .share-buttons .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 #single .share-buttons label{display:block;margin-right:0}#single .share-buttons .permalink{display:block}#single .share-buttons .permalink input{width:100%;font-size:12px}#single section.related{padding-top:40px}#single section.related article{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;min-height:inherit;padding:0}#single section.related .epcl-row{margin:0 0}#single .epcl-subscribe{margin-top:40px}#single #author.single-author{padding-top:40px}#single #author.single-author #comments.hosted .comment .bordered.comment-author,#single #author.single-author .title.bordered,#single #author.single-author .wpcf7 label.bordered,#single #comments.hosted .comment #author.single-author .bordered.comment-author,.wpcf7 #single #author.single-author label.bordered{margin-bottom:30px}#single #author.single-author .epcl-flex{display:block;margin-left:-40px;width:auto}#single #author.single-author .left{margin-bottom:40px}#single #author.single-author .right{text-align:center}#single #comments.hosted .comment{padding-left:45px}#single #comments.hosted .children{padding-left:10px}#single #comments.hosted .commentlist{margin-left:-40px}#page #single.fullcover #comments.hosted .comment .featured-image div.info .comment-author,#page #single.fullcover .featured-image div.info #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#page #single.fullcover .featured-image div.info .title,#page #single.fullcover .featured-image div.info .wpcf7 label,.wpcf7 #page #single.fullcover .featured-image div.info label{font-size:32px}#page #single.fullcover .featured-image{margin-bottom:0}#page #single.fullcover.no-sidebar div.left-content{padding:0}#page #single #comments.hosted .comment .absolute.comment-author,#page #single .title.absolute,#page #single .wpcf7 label.absolute,.wpcf7 #page #single label.absolute{left:20px}#page #single .main-article.bg-box{padding:40px 20px}#archives #author{margin-top:30px;text-align:center}#archives #author .epcl-flex{display:block}#archives #author .author-name{padding-left:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:column wrap;flex-flow:column wrap}#archives #author .author-name .decoration{display:none}#archives #author .author-name .location{margin:15px auto 0}#author{display:block;padding:25px}#author .left{margin-right:0;text-align:center}#author .author-avatar{width:150px;height:150px;margin:0 auto}#author .author-name{margin-top:30px}.epcl-authors{margin-top:20px}.epcl-authors .item .thumb{width:150px;height:150px}#archives .tag-description{padding:30px;display:block;margin-top:30px}#archives .bg-decoration{width:200px;height:150px}.subscribe-cta{padding:25px 20px}.epcl-subscribe{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px;border-radius:0;padding:30px 20px}.epcl-subscribe form .form-group .inputbox.large{padding:15px 15px;font-size:13px;padding-right:130px}.epcl-subscribe form .form-group .submit.absolute{padding:0 20px;font-size:14px}.membership-page div.left-content{padding:0 20px}.membership-page .epcl-plans{display:block;width:auto;margin:0 20px}.membership-page .subscribe-plan{padding:30px 20px}#page-subscribe .epcl-flex{display:block;width:auto}#page-subscribe .epcl-subscribe .grid-container{width:auto}#page-subscribe .epcl-subscribe form{padding:60px 0 20px}#footer{margin-top:30px}#footer #back-to-top{width:40px;height:40px;line-height:40px}#footer .mobile-footer{padding-top:0}#footer .logo a{font-size:32px}#footer .widgets{padding-top:40px}#footer .widgets .epcl-row{display:block}#footer .widgets .widget{width:100%;padding:20px 0;margin-top:0;border:0}#footer .widgets .widget #single #comments.hosted .comment .comment-author,#footer .widgets .widget .title,#footer .widgets .widget .wpcf7 label,#single #comments.hosted .comment #footer .widgets .widget .comment-author,.wpcf7 #footer .widgets .widget label{margin-left:30px}#footer .widgets .widget.widget_epcl_subscribe_form{display:block;text-align:center;width:100%}#footer .widgets .widget.widget_epcl_subscribe_form .epcl-subscribe{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}div.text{font-size:14px}div.text h1{font-size:22px}div.text h2{font-size:20px}div.text h3{font-size:18px}div.text h4{font-size:16px}div.text h5{font-size:14px}div.text h6{font-size:13px}div.text blockquote{font-size:14px;background-size:20px;background-position:10px 15px;padding:20px;padding-left:40px!important}div.text iframe{max-width:100%}div.text pre:not([class*=language-]){padding:10px 5px;font-size:13px}div.text code:not([class*=language-]){font-size:13px}div.text code[class*=language-],div.text pre,div.text pre[class*=language-]{max-height:300px;white-space:pre}div.text ol,div.text ul{margin-left:15px}div.text ul:not([class]) li:before{top:12px}div.text figure,div.text iframe,div.text p{margin-bottom:12.8px}}
Which Dogs Bark The Most? 5 Shocking Breeds That Never Stop
Which Dogs Bark the Most?
Certain dog breeds are more likely to bark frequently than others. While barking is a natural form of communication for dogs, some breeds tend to bark more often due to their instincts, temperament, or purpose. In this article, we’ll explore which dogs bark the most and why, including characteristics of each breed that contribute to their vocal tendencies. From energetic herding dogs to alert watchdogs, each breed has its unique barking behavior. Understanding these traits can help you choose a dog that matches your expectations and lifestyle, whether you seek a quiet companion or a dog that’s more vocal and protective.
Introduction to Which Dogs Bark the Most Barking is an essential part of a dog’s communication toolkit. Every dog, regardless of breed, uses barking to express emotions, warn of danger, or seek attention. However, some breeds bark more frequently than others. For dog owners looking to adopt a new pet, knowing which dogs bark the most can play an important role in making the right decision. Flight to Dallas can be a busy experience, and a loud dog in the airport may not be the ideal travel companion. In this article, we’ll examine the breeds known for their loud and frequent barking, explaining why they do it and how to manage it effectively.
Understanding the Reasons Dogs BarkWhy Do Dogs Bark? Barking is how dogs communicate. Dogs may bark to alert you to intruders, express which dogs bark the most excitement, or indicate distress. Understanding the context of the barking is crucial in identifying whether it’s a natural or excessive behavior. While some dogs bark less frequently, others seem to bark constantly. The reasons behind this behavior vary greatly depending on the breed, environment, and individual temperament.
The Role of Breed in Barking Frequency Some breeds are naturally more vocal due to their instinctive traits. Herding dogs, for example, bark to control livestock, while terriers may bark as part of their hunting instinct. On the other hand, breeds like the Basenji are known for rarely barking at all. Understanding these which dogs bark the most behavioral tendencies helps explain which dogs bark the most.
Top Dog Breeds That Bark the Most 1. Chihuahua : Small, But LoudChihuahuas are notorious for their loud barks. Despite their small size, these dogs have a big personality. Their barking is often triggered by anxiety, excitement, or a desire to protect their territory. They are also very alert and will bark at any unfamiliar sound or movement. Due to which dogs bark the most their territorial nature, Chihuahuas may bark at strangers or other animals, making them good watchdogs.
Why They Bark Chihuahuas tend to be more vocal due to their protective instincts. Their small stature often leads them to compensate for their size by being loud. They also bark when they feel which dogs bark the most threatened or when they want attention.
2. Jack Russell Terrier :
A Ball of Energy Jack Russells are energetic and enthusiastic dogs. They are also known for which dogs bark the most being quite vocal. As a breed originally used for hunting, Jack Russells often bark to alert their owners to potential prey or simply out of excitement. Their high energy and need for constant stimulation make them prone to frequent barking, especially if they are not properly exercised.
Why They Bark Their strong hunting instincts and high energy levels drive them to bark a lot. If left which dogs bark the most unchallenged, they may bark excessively due to boredom or anxiety. This breed thrives in an environment that provides mental stimulation and physical exercise.
3. Beagle : Vocal Hunting Companion Beagles are another breed known for their loud, persistent barking. Originally bred for hunting, Beagles use their vocalizations to communicate during hunts. This breed is also prone to which dogs bark the most barking due to their love for sniffing and their heightened sense of smell. Beagles are social dogs and may bark when they feel left out or bored.
Why They Bark Beagles have a strong sense of smell and may bark when they pick up an unfamiliar scent. Their natural hunting instincts make them more vocal, especially when they feel the need to alert their owners or explore new environments.
4. Dachshund : Bold and Vocal Dachshunds may be small, but they are known for their loud, determined bark. These dogs were originally bred to hunt small game, and their vocal nature helped alert hunters. Today, they continue to bark at strangers, loud noises, or any perceived threat. Despite their size, Dachshunds are brave and can bark relentlessly if they sense something unusual.
Why They Bark Dachshunds tend to bark due to their protective instincts. They are naturally suspicious of which dogs bark the most strangers and will alert their owners to anything they perceive as a threat.
5. Yorkshire Terrier : Little Dog, Big Bark Yorkshire Terriers are another small breed that tends to bark a lot. Their terrier background contributes to their tendency to bark frequently. Yorkshire Terriers are also highly alert and protective of their owners. They bark at unfamiliar people, animals, and situations, often which dogs bark the most without hesitation.
Why They Bark Yorkies tend to bark out of excitement, fear, or territorial behavior. Their strong protective which dogs bark the most instincts also drive them to bark whenever they sense something is amiss.
6. Miniature Schnauzer : Alert and Vocal Miniature Schnauzers are known for being alert, friendly, and very vocal. These dogs were bred as ratters and are naturally inclined to bark when they detect anything unusual in their which dogs bark the most environment. They are intelligent, curious, and tend to be very vocal, especially when they see or hear something that grabs their attention.
Why They Bark Miniature Schnauzers bark due to their alert nature. They enjoy being in the middle of the which dogs bark the most action and tend to bark at unfamiliar sights, sounds, and movements.
Managing Excessive BarkingTraining Methods to Reduce Barking While some barking is perfectly normal, excessive barking can become an issue. Thankfully, there are several strategies you can use to reduce your dog’s vocal tendencies. Training your dog to stop barking on command or redirecting their attention to a more appropriate activity can be effective. Positive reinforcement, such as treats and praise, works well for most dogs.
Consistency in Commands It’s essential to be consistent with your commands and rewards. If you reinforce quiet behavior regularly, your dog will learn when barking is acceptable and when it isn’t.
Providing Mental and Physical Stimulation Dogs that bark excessively due to boredom often benefit from more stimulation. Regular which dogs bark the most exercise, puzzle toys, and interactive games can keep your dog’s mind engaged and prevent them from barking out of boredom.
Environmental Changes to Reduce Barking Sometimes, the environment plays a significant role in a dog’s barking. Creating a calm which dogs bark the most environment with fewer distractions can help reduce barking. If your dog barks at people passing by, blocking access to windows or providing a quiet space can minimize stimuli.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Dog for Your LifestyleWhen choosing a dog, it’s important to consider the breed’s barking tendencies. Some dogs are naturally more vocal due to their instincts, purpose, and temperament. Breeds like Chihuahuas, Jack Russells, and Beagles tend to bark more frequently, but with proper training and mental stimulation, you can manage their barking behaviors. If you want a dog that barks less, breeds like the Basenji or Greyhound may be better suited to your lifestyle. Ultimately, understanding the reasons behind your dog’s barking can help you create a harmonious living situation for both you and your pet.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)Which Dog Breeds Are Most Likely to Bark Frequently?
Certain dog breeds are naturally more vocal than others. Breeds like the Chihuahua, Jack Russell Terrier, Beagle, and Yorkshire Terrier are known for barking frequently due to their instincts and high energy levels. These dogs often bark to alert their owners, express excitement, or signal a potential threat. Smaller breeds, in particular, tend to bark more to compensate for their size and assert their presence.
What Are the Main Reasons Dogs Bark Excessively?
Dogs bark for several reasons. Excessive barking may be due to boredom, anxiety, territorial behavior, or the need for attention. Dogs such as Beagles and Miniature Schnauzers, known for their high energy, may bark out of excitement or as a way to communicate. In contrast, guard dogs may bark to warn of intruders. It’s essential to identify the cause of the barking to address the behavior effectively.
How Can I Stop My Dog from Barking So Much?
To reduce excessive barking, training and consistency are key. Rewarding your dog for quiet behavior, redirecting their attention with toys or activities, and using commands like “quiet” can help. Providing adequate physical and mental stimulation also plays a crucial role in minimizing unnecessary barking. If the barking is linked to anxiety or fear, creating a calm, secure environment can help your dog feel more at ease.
Are Some Dogs Naturally More Vocal Than Others?
Yes, some dog breeds are inherently more vocal due to their purpose and instincts. For example, herding breeds like the Border Collie or Australian Shepherd may bark to control livestock. Terriers, bred for hunting, may bark at any signs of prey or unfamiliar animals. Breeds like the Chihuahua or Jack Russell Terrier are particularly known for their vocal tendencies, often barking as a form of communication or protection.
Can My Dog’s Environment Affect Its Barking Behavior?
Yes, a dog’s environment can significantly influence its barking behavior. Dogs exposed to loud noises, frequent visitors, or other animals might bark more out of excitement or alertness. Conversely, a calm and quiet environment can help reduce unnecessary barking. Ensuring your dog has a designated quiet space away from distractions can help them feel secure and reduce anxiety-driven barking.
What Are the Quietest Dog Breeds for Apartment Living?
If you’re looking for a dog that barks less, breeds like the Basenji, Shiba Inu , and Greyhound are good choices. These breeds are typically quieter and less prone to excessive barking. Their calm demeanor and low energy make them well-suited for apartment living or environments where loud noises might be disruptive. Choosing a breed known for its quiet nature can help ensure a peaceful living situation for you and your neighbors.